শুক্রবার, ২৯ সেপ্টেম্বর, ২০১৭

THE COMPUTER AS REPRESENTATIVE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, What changes has it made in today's organizations.

1. INTRODUCTION
Information technology is one of the disciplines that have rapidly passed from the strictly scientific plane to the everyday world. Increasingly, man incorporates into his daily life a series of instruments of an electronic nature that have as a reference the collection, processing or use of data, in his vital field.
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The best known of these equipment is the computer and its peripheral elements such as printers, mouse, stylus, digitizing tables, visiocascos, scanners, among others.
The computer can also be considered as the physical representation of technological change. It favors its development and promotes with it, a great variety of processes. This is the central theme to be addressed in this article, in order to consider what have been the great changes that have allowed the computer to become the heroine and maximum representative of technological change in modern organizations?
To answer this question it is necessary to locate some structural elements that have allowed the consolidation of what the French philosopher Buadrillard (1969: 131-134) could call "modern gossip": the computer.
This work is addressed to the general public and is divided into 8 sections: 1. Miniaturization; 2. Switching from host-based systems to network-based systems; 3. The change from standards of supplier-owner nature to open standards software; 4. The change from individual to multimedia: data, text, voice and image; 5. The change from account control to the supplier-client computer based on self-determination; 6. The change in software development: from art to craft; 7. The change of the alphanumeric interface to the graphical and multiform interface; and 8. The move from isolated applications to integrated software applications.

1. Miniaturization


The reduction of electronic components, also known as nanotechnology, (Drexler, 1993: 20-25) close to the dimensions corresponding to 10-9 or 10-13 is an element that has allowed the computer to concretize its diffusion process. The fundamental objective of this process is to increase its portability, its autonomy, in short its mobility, commutability and opportunity. As a result it seeks its forced adaptation to the space and time needs of modern life.

It is pertinent to remember that if a discovery or innovation is not spread are doomed to failure, by not allowing its marketers wide margins of profitability in a short time.

The manufacturing process of computers has passed with dizzying speed of the systems operated with vacuum valves (known as bulbs or vacuum ampoules); to traditional semiconductors (known as PNP or NPN type transistors); from there to the systems created based on integrated circuits and finally to the microprocessors that carry out processes in parallel way.


Since the 1960s, it was the decade in which the first integrated circuits were created; the number of electronic components housed in the "chips" has almost doubled annually - as an average -. Although the border in this technological area can not be located here. The emergence of new materials and technologies allow the development of computers that operate with small electrical or electrochemical impulses or simply with water.

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